Gould mentions Alfred Binet who invented the first practical intelligence test, the race difference in IQ is also treated. On IQ Gould wrote”: ‘The Mismeasure of Man (1981/1996). He challenges the methodological accuracy of ‘The Bell Curve’ (1994), by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, which represented the arguments of what Gould terms biological determinism.
Stephen Jay Gould (September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist evolutionary biologist, and historian of science. He was also one of the most influential and widely read writers of popular science of his generation. Gould spent most of his career teaching at Harvard University and working at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. In the later years of his life, Gould also taught biology and evolution at New York University. (Wikipedia)
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