The role of high-fidelity patient simulators (HFPS) and clinical simulations has been increasingly incorporated into preclinical medical education. The objective of this study was to implement a pediatric simulation activity running parallel with a Problem Based Learning (PBL) curriculum to provide an opportunity to demonstrate clinical knowledge and apply classroom material in a realistic scenario. The focus was to aid in student understanding of how to communicate with a parent of a pediatric patient and manage an infant with Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS) based on respiratory physiology and pathology concepts.